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FTTH & Fibre Optics · 6 min read

Fiber Optic Cable Buying Guide: ADSS vs Duct, Single-Mode vs Multimode

By the ECA Networks technical desk · Last updated 21 September 2026

Both decisions are made at the ordering stage, not the installation stage. Here is how to get them right the first time.

Short answer

The right fibre cable for a Kenyan install comes down to two decisions made before you order anything: ADSS or duct construction, and single-mode or multimode core. Get either wrong and you'll be re-pulling cable, not just re-terminating it.

ADSS vs duct cable: what actually differs

ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting) cable is built to span between poles without a separate messenger wire, which makes it the standard choice for aerial runs along existing pole infrastructure. Duct cable is designed to be pulled or blown through underground conduit and is not built to bear its own weight across a span. Using it aerially strains and eventually damages the cable.

  • Use ADSS when running fibre pole-to-pole or building-to-building above ground
  • Use duct cable when the route runs through existing or new underground ducting

Single-mode vs multimode: which do Kenyan ISPs actually use?

Single-mode fibre is what almost every Kenyan ISP and FTTH deployment uses. It supports the long distances, kilometres, not metres, that access networks need. Multimode is a short-haul, high-bandwidth technology built for data centre and campus runs under a few hundred metres; it is rarely the right choice for last-mile fibre to homes or businesses.

Core count: matching cable to the job

Over-speccing core count on a drop run wastes money on unused fibre; under-speccing on a trunk route means a costly re-pull later. Size for your network plan's actual splitter and customer count, not a round number.

  • 2 to 4 core: drop cable, single customer or small building connections
  • 12 to 24 core: distribution runs feeding a cluster of splitters
  • 48+ core: backbone and trunk routes between exchange points

Buying by the drum vs buying cut lengths

Full drums bring a meaningfully lower cost per metre than cut lengths for any run of real distance, but only make sense if you have the storage and handling capacity, and a near-term use for the remainder. For a single small job, a cut length remains the more practical choice even at a higher per-metre rate.

Questions to ask before you order

  • Is this route aerial or underground, do I need ADSS or duct?
  • What is my actual core count requirement based on today's splitter plan, not a guess?
  • Am I buying enough at once to justify a full drum, or should this be a cut length?

Getting current pricing

For current stock, core counts and drum sizes, request a quote or WhatsApp the technical desk. Pricing is matched to core count, construction and order volume rather than published as a flat rate.

Frequently asked questions

Is ADSS or duct cable better for a rooftop-to-rooftop run?+

ADSS. It is built to self-support across a span without a separate support wire, which duct cable is not designed for.

Can I use multimode fibre for a home FTTH connection?+

No. Multimode is a short-haul technology; virtually all Kenyan FTTH and access-network deployments use single-mode fibre for its long-distance reach.

How many metres come on a standard drum?+

Drum lengths vary by cable type and core count. Confirm exact lengths when you request a quote for your specific order.

Can I buy fibre cable in small quantities for a single install?+

Yes. Cut lengths are available for smaller jobs; full drums become cost-effective at higher volumes.

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Need help with the specification?

Send the drawing, quantities or site notes. The technical desk will check the parts before you order.